# Paste into any Python environment or use as a reference def hydraulic_force(pressure_psi, area_in2): """F = P × A (lbf)""" return pressure_psi * area_in2
def pump_flow_rate(displacement_in3_per_rev, rpm, efficiency=0.9): """Q = (displacement × rpm) / 231 (gpm)""" theoretical = (displacement_in3_per_rev * rpm) / 231 return theoretical * efficiency hydraulic and pneumatic power systems chapter 12
In a hydraulic intensifier, output pressure is _____ than input pressure. a) Lower b) Same c) Higher ✅ d) Unrelated # Paste into any Python environment or use
What device prevents overpressure in a hydraulic system? a) Flow control valve b) Pressure relief valve ✅ c) Check valve d) Directional control valve hydraulic and pneumatic power systems chapter 12
Which component converts pneumatic energy into linear motion? a) Air motor b) Pneumatic cylinder ✅ c) Solenoid valve d) Receiver tank